In English, semicolons are used in three main ways:
1. Between independent clauses: A semicolon can be used to separate two closely related independent clauses that are not joined by a coordinating conjunction (союзы "and," "but," or "or"). The semicolon gives equal weight to both clauses.
Example: I have a meeting at 9 a.m.; I need to finish my report before then.
2. Before conjunctive adverbs (союзное наречие): A semicolon is used before a conjunctive adverb (such as "however," "therefore," "meanwhile," or "consequently") to connect two independent clauses. The semicolon is followed by a comma.
Example: She studied hard for the exam; however, she didn't perform well.
3. In complex serial lists: Semicolons can be used to separate items in a list when the items themselves contain commas. This helps to clarify the structure and avoid confusion.
Example: The conference attendees came from Paris, France; London, England; Berlin, Germany; and Rome, Italy.
Please note that while semicolons can be used in these ways, they are generally less common in everyday writing. It's important to use them judiciously (рационально) and consider other punctuation options, such as periods or commas, depending on the context.
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